Work Study - Method in Ready Made Garment Indsutry

Application of Work study process:

Work study is a management technique by which we can determine standard time of a task and discover the easiest and most economical way of doing the job.

Work study is a scientific method which ensured measurement of work content of a job and takes recourse to better method of doing the job and thus realizes the best utilization of human, machinery and other resources of an organization

Work study is a very valuable tool of substantially improving productivity of an organization at very cheap cost; Work study is a systematic and comprehensive method of analyzing a problem, so that no factor overlook in evaluating the problem of finding out a solution. Work study can be easily implemented and at a relatively cheap cost, it’s provokes benefit as soon as it is applied and continuous till it is in use and it can reduce hazard b y developing safer mood of operations.

It the most effective tool of investigation of process, it helps find out problems and workout a right solution. Standard time can be determined for a definite work. Production quota may be determined for daily organization hourly works.

Work study is the most accurate method of setting Standard of performance upon which effective planning and production control relies upon.

Some Terms of Work Study:

Observed time:

It is the time taken by the operator to operator complete his her job as observer d time by work-study officer.

Basic time:

It is the time taken by the operator to operator complete his or her job had she or he worked at 100% performance.

Allowance time:

It is the time allowed to an operator for non performing task such as going to laboratory, rest, changing needle, taking instruction of supervisor etc.

Relaxation allowance:

It is the time allowed to an operator to attend to personal need.

Contingency allowance:

It is the time allowed to the operator when uncertain problem occur.

Standard time:

It is the time required by operator to complete a job had she worked at 100% rating plus allowance time.

Bottleneck time:

It is the highest time taken b y an operator compared to other operator’s time, generally it is the time beyond the U.C.L.

Rating

Rating is a speed of a qualified worker.

Organization efficiency

It is the efficiency of the production time.

Basic work content:

It is the time contents the work without any undue loss of time.

Work count:

It is the time value required by operation.

Ineffective time:

It is the time means time loss due to different design fault, production fault, finishing fault etc.

Upper control limit:

Upper control limit is the time limit represents efficiency.

How wok study can be realized?

Work study method comprises eight steps, which are given below,

Select: Select the job to be investigated.

Record: record data by collecting organization by direct observation.

Examine: Examine data critically; what is the purpose of action, where is the place of performing it, the sequence in which the job is done, the person doing the job etc.

Develop: Develop the easiest & the most economic methods.

Evaluate: Evaluate the results of alternatives ways of doing the job.

Define: Define new method & time & present them to the concerned people.

Install: Install new method & train persons to apply them.

Maintain: Maintain new standard practice & set control procedures.

Why bottleneck time created?

-The operator has not the right skill.

-The operator makes more rejects & rework takes time.

-The machine is definite.

-The operator is not following work standard.

- The operator is not motivated etc.

How to eliminate the bottleneck time?

-By using automatic organization high performance machine.

-By mechanizing the relevant processes.

-By using better tools, folder, special work aids etc.

-By allotting the bottle process between more than the operator.

-By improving operator skill/ speed.

-By using addition machinery/ operator etc.

Production calculation formula:

• BPT (Basic Pitch Time) = Total standard time÷ No of operator

• UCL (Upper Control Limit) = Basic pitch time÷ 0.85

• LCL (Lower Control Limit) = 2×BPT-UCL

• Organization Efficiency = BPT÷ Highest bottleneck time×100

• Productivity = per hour production ÷ Total operator

• Production Target = (No of operator×3600) ×85% ÷ Total standard time

• Actual production = 3600÷Height bottleneck time